Nurses vary greatly in terms of the amount of education they have and what kind of treatment they are able to offer their patients. The highest nurse in the nursing food chain is the nurse practitioner, sometimes called NP. Unlike other nurses, NPs can prescribe and adjust their patients medications, and can perform a wider array of lab tests. In other words, short of surgery or specialized medicine, a nurse practitioner can do many of the same things that a doctor can do.
A family nurse practitioner (FNP) is a nurse practitioner who specializes in general family medicine, and FNPs are often the sole health care provider in many small towns and rural areas in the United States. Through routine screenings and checkups, if the FNP finds something in a patient that requires a specialist, he or she can easily refer the patient to an MD. But run-of-the-mill health problems, as well as health education and preventative health, can be handled by the nurse practitioner in his or her office.
Family nurse practitioners work in numerous settings, including clinics, hospitals, and nursing homes. Many have their own private practices, especially in small town areas. In these small towns, much of an FNPs work focuses on preventative medicine and education, trying to teach patients to make healthy lifestyle choices or lifestyle changes in order to prevent disease.
Requirements for Becoming a Family Nurse Practitioner
Family nurse practitioners require a master's degree in nursing, or MSN. Some nurse practitioners are RNs who take post-baccalaureate work to become an NP. Generally, nurse practitioners must complete at least five to six years of higher education. Four of these years will be spent completing a bachelor's degree in nursing, and one or two additional years for completing either post-baccalaureate degrees or master's degrees. Like all nurses, once NPs gain their degrees, they must pass a board exam.
